Belt
1. Define Geology: Geo
- having to do with the earth
ology - the science of
Geology: is the study of the Earth
a.
the materials of
which it is made
b.
the structure of
those materials
c.
the processes
that act on those materials
2. Collect a sample of
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.
Explain how each was formed.
a.
Volcanic—Obsidian
is lava that is extruded from the volcano and essentially “freezes”. When rocks
form normally, their atoms line up to create small or large crystals. In
obsidian, the mass of rock cools to fast for the atoms to get into their order.
b.
Sedimentary---Limestone
forms in the bottom of the oceans that are away from land. There is nothing
there to form the sediments except for the swimming sea creatures. When a
creature dies they fall to the bottom of the ocean eventually. Sometimes they are eaten on the way down with
only the bones and shells ending up on the bottom. You can see how limestone
often might have fossils in it.
c.
Metamorphic---Marble
forms when limestone is exposed to heat and/or pressure and often times by
superheated liquids. The heat can be caused by a volcano. The pressure could be
from it being mashed as more rock is being formed on top of it.
3. Explain the difference
between a rock and a mineral.